How to format your references using the Emerging Themes in Epidemiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Emerging Themes in Epidemiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Ekeland I I. Mathematics. Curves and numbers. Nature. 2000;405:748–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Meder D, Simons K. Cell biology. Ras on the roundabout. Science. 2005;307:1731–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Walden H, Podgorski MS, Schulman BA. Insights into the ubiquitin transfer cascade from the structure of the activating enzyme for NEDD8. Nature. 2003;422:330–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Nishimura MT, Stein M, Hou B-H, Vogel JP, Edwards H, Somerville SC. Loss of a callose synthase results in salicylic acid-dependent disease resistance. Science. 2003;301:969–72.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Lloret J, Shulman G, Love RM. Condition and Health Indicators of Exploited Marine Fishes. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons; 2013.

An edited book

1. Hsiao GC. Boundary Integral Equations. Wendland WL, editor. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Cheng D, Qi H, Li Z. Logical Equations. In: Qi H, Li Z, editors. Analysis and Control of Boolean Networks: A Semi-tensor Product Approach. London: Springer; 2011. p. 67–101.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Emerging Themes in Epidemiology.

Blog post

1. Fang J. The Days on Saturn Just Got Shorter [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/space/days-saturn-just-got-shorter/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Federally Leased Vehicles: Agencies Should Strengthen Assessment Processes to Reduce Underutilized Vehicles. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016 Jan. Report No.: GAO-16-136.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Sandoval V. Preventing chronic truancy among Latino high school students: A grant proposal [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Baker KJ. White-Collar Supremacy. New York Times. 2016 Nov 25;A27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Emerging Themes in Epidemiology
Abbreviation	Emerg. Themes Epidemiol.
ISSN (online)	1742-7622
Scope	Epidemiology