How to format your references using the Solid State Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Solid State Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

D. Sarewitz, World view: Missing weapons, Nature 464 (2010) 672.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

R.M. Hazen, E. Roedder, Biogeology. How old are bacteria from the Permian age?, Nature 411 (2001) 155–156.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

O.R. Wearn, D.C. Reuman, R.M. Ewers, Extinction debt and windows of conservation opportunity in the Brazilian Amazon, Science 337 (2012) 228–232.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

S. Koussevitzky, A. Nott, T.C. Mockler, F. Hong, G. Sachetto-Martins, M. Surpin, J. Lim, R. Mittler, J. Chory, Signals from chloroplasts converge to regulate nuclear gene expression, Science 316 (2007) 715–719.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A. Kossiakoff, W.N. Sweet, Systems Engineering Principles and Practice, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2005.

An edited book

[1]

A. Noormets, ed., Phenology of Ecosystem Processes: Applications in Global Change Research, Springer, New York, NY, 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Alebrahim, M. Heisel, Towards Developing Secure Software Using Problem-Oriented Security Patterns, in: S. Teufel, T.A. Min, I. You, E. Weippl (Eds.), Availability, Reliability, and Security in Information Systems: IFIP WG 8.4, 8.9, TC 5 International Cross-Domain Conference, CD-ARES 2014 and 4th International Workshop on Security and Cognitive Informatics for Homeland Defense, SeCIHD 2014, Fribourg, Switzerland, September 8-12, 2014. Proceedings, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2014: pp. 45–62.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Solid State Sciences.

Blog post

[1]

J. Davis, “Bionic Eye” Allows Blind Patients To See Again, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/bionic-eye-allows-blind-patients-to-see-again/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Mass Transit Grants: UMTA Needs to Improve Procurement Monitoring at Local Transit Authority, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

M.B. Holmberg, Alternative nitrogen for subsequent southern switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) production using cool-season legumes, Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Leland, Dance Moves, Everywhere, New York Times (2017) MB8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Solid State Sciences
Abbreviation	Solid State Sci.
ISSN (print)	1293-2558
Scope	General Chemistry General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics