How to format your references using the Environmental Modelling and Software citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Modelling and Software. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Churchland, P.S., 2002. Self-representation in nervous systems. Science 296, 308–310.

A journal article with 2 authors

Steinberger, B., Torsvik, T.H., 2008. Absolute plate motions and true polar wander in the absence of hotspot tracks. Nature 452, 620–623.

A journal article with 3 authors

Domínguez-García, V., Pigolotti, S., Muñoz, M.A., 2014. Inherent directionality explains the lack of feedback loops in empirical networks. Sci. Rep. 4, 7497.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Galiveti, C.R., Raabe, C.A., Konthur, Z., Rozhdestvensky, T.S., 2014. Differential regulation of non-protein coding RNAs from Prader-Willi Syndrome locus. Sci. Rep. 4, 6445.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Soustelle, M., 2011. An Introduction to Chemical Kinetics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Nicolini, G., 2013. Metodi di stima in presenza di errori non campionari, UNITEXT. Springer, Milano.

A chapter in an edited book

Preis, T., Moat, H.S., 2015. Early Signs of Financial Market Moves Reflected by Google Searches, in: Gonçalves, B., Perra, N. (Eds.), Social Phenomena: From Data Analysis to Models. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 85–97.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Modelling and Software.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. The Comet That Outgrew The Sun [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/comet-outgrew-sun/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2008. Review of the Transportation Security Administration’s Air Cargo Screening Exemptions Report (No. GAO-08-1055R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Banerjee, S., 2013. A mathematical model for the transition in firing patterns across puberty of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara, S., 2015. Seven Museums, Each Offering a Deadly Sin. New York Times WE9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Churchland, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Churchland, 2002; Steinberger and Torsvik, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Steinberger and Torsvik, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Galiveti et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Modelling and Software
Abbreviation	Environ. Model. Softw.
ISSN (print)	1364-8152
Scope	Software Ecological Modelling Environmental Engineering