How to format your references using the European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Weinstock JV. Autoimmunity: The worm returns. Nature 2012; 491: 183–185.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hafernik J, Saul-Gershenz L. Beetle larvae cooperate to mimic bees. Nature 2000; 405: 35–36.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kinney MA, Saeed R, McDevitt TC. Mesenchymal morphogenesis of embryonic stem cells dynamically modulates the biophysical microtissue niche. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 4290.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wisniewska J, Xu J, Seifertová D, et al. Polar PIN localization directs auxin flow in plants. Science 2006; 312: 883.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shaw MT. Introduction to Polymer Rheology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011.

An edited book

Krogstie J, Opdahl A, Sindre G (eds). Advanced Information Systems Engineering: 19th International Conference, CAiSE 2007, Trondheim, Norway, June 11-15, 2007. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Orlov YV, Aguilar LT. Elements of Nonsmooth Analysis. In: Aguilar LT (ed) Advanced H∞ Control: Towards Nonsmooth Theory and Applications. New York, NY: Springer, 2014, pp. 67–80.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing.

Blog post

Andrew E. Russia Loses Control Of Gecko Sex Satellite. IFLScience, https://www.iflscience.com/space/russia-loses-control-gecko-sex-satellite/ (2014, accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Elementary and Secondary Education: Flexibility Initiatives Do Not Address Districts’ Key Concerns About Federal Requirements. T-HEHS-00-51, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 25 January 2000.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Denney VP. Achieving a Competitive Advantage through Ethical Business Practices: An Ethnographical Case Study. Doctoral Dissertation, Northcentral University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K. Giving an Unexpected Twist to ‘Keep Off the Grass’. New York Times, 22 April 2001, p. 148.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	1474-5151
ISSN (online)	1873-1953
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Advanced and Specialised Nursing Medical–Surgical