How to format your references using the European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mesirov, J. P. (2010). Computer science. Accessible reproducible research. Science (New York, N.Y.), 327(5964), 415–416.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhang, M., & Schekman, R. (2013). Cell biology. Unconventional secretion, unconventional solutions. Science (New York, N.Y.), 340(6132), 559–561.

A journal article with 3 authors

Xiao, S., Li, R., & Chen, M. (2013). Detecting sedimentary cycles using autocorrelation of grain size. Scientific Reports, 3, 1653.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Nishio, J., Gaglia, J. L., Turvey, S. E., Campbell, C., Benoist, C., & Mathis, D. (2006). Islet recovery and reversal of murine type 1 diabetes in the absence of any infused spleen cell contribution. Science (New York, N.Y.), 311(5768), 1775–1778.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McLeod, L. E. (2016). Leading with Noble Purpose. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Khalil, M. M. (Ed.). (2011). Basic Sciences of Nuclear Medicine. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hamby, S., & Grych, J. (2013). Implications for Research: Toward a More Comprehensive Understanding of Interpersonal Violence. In J. Grych (Ed.), The Web of Violence: Exploring Connections Among Different Forms of Interpersonal Violence and Abuse (pp. 67–79). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, August 29). “Shock And Kill” Approach Cures Mice Of HIV In World First. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/shock-and-kill-approach-cures-mice-hiv-world-first/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1994). Interstate Commerce Commission: Key Issues Need to Be Addressed in Determining Future of ICC’s Regulatory Functions (T-RCED-94-261). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mbwiri, F. I. (2017). Remedial Math Instruction Intervention: Efficacy of Constructivist Practices on Alternative Students with Disabilities Mathematics Achievement [Doctoral dissertation]. Northcentral University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. (2011, July 15). Reprieve Of Sorts In a Costly Blunder. New York Times, B13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mesirov, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Mesirov, 2010; Zhang & Schekman, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zhang & Schekman, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Nishio et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering
ISSN (print)	1964-8189
ISSN (online)	2116-7214
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Environmental Engineering