How to format your references using the Neuroinformatics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Neuroinformatics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rubin, E. M. (2008). Genomics of cellulosic biofuels. Nature, 454(7206), 841–845.

A journal article with 2 authors

Fairchild, A. L., & Bayer, R. (2004). Public health. Ethics and the conduct of public health surveillance. Science (New York, N.Y.), 303(5658), 631–632.

A journal article with 3 authors

Shahabi, A., Wang, H., & Upmanyu, M. (2014). Shaping van der Waals nanoribbons via torsional constraints: scrolls, folds and supercoils. Scientific reports, 4, 7004.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Cavey, M., Rauzi, M., Lenne, P.-F., & Lecuit, T. (2008). A two-tiered mechanism for stabilization and immobilization of E-cadherin. Nature, 453(7196), 751–756.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hochstadt, H. (1988). Integral Equations. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Zhou, Z.-H., Roli, F., & Kittler, J. (Eds.). (2013). Multiple Classifier Systems: 11th International Workshop, MCS 2013, Nanjing, China, May 15-17, 2013. Proceedings (Vol. 7872). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Wang, H., Hao, F., Zhu, C., Rodrigues, J. J. P. C., & Yang, L. T. (2012). An Android Multimedia Framework Based on Gstreamer. In J. J. P. C. Rodrigues, L. Zhou, M. Chen, & A. Kailas (Eds.), Green Communications and Networking: First International Conference, GreeNets 2011, Colmar, France, October 5-7, 2011, Revised Selected Papers (pp. 51–62). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Neuroinformatics.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, August 7). Hitchhiking Robot Treks Across Canada. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/hitchhiking-robot-treks-across-canada/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1973). In-Flight Escape Systems for Helicopters Should Be Developed To Prevent Fatalities (No. B-177166). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Robinson, D. E. (2010). How personality traits and job satisfaction influence service quality in housing agencies (Doctoral dissertation). Capella University, Minneapolis, MN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Marx, L. (2014, March 30). A Romance With Lemon Juice and Two Beach Towels. New York Times, p. ST20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rubin 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Fairchild and Bayer 2004; Rubin 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Fairchild and Bayer 2004)
Three or more authors: (Cavey et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Neuroinformatics
Abbreviation	Neuroinformatics
ISSN (print)	1539-2791
ISSN (online)	1559-0089
Scope	Information Systems Software General Neuroscience