How to format your references using the European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Willyard C. Stem cells: bad seeds. Nature. 2013;498:S12-3.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Lerman J, Palsson BO. Microbiology. Topping off a multiscale balancing act. Science. 2010;330:1058–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Ballentine CJ, Porcelli D, Wieler R. Noble gases in mantle plumes. Science. 2001;291:2269.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Snow M, Cox S-L, Jenkin G, Trounson A, Shaw J. Generation of live young from xenografted mouse ovaries. Science. 2002;297:2227.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Segal HP. Utopias. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2012.

An edited book

1. Sano K, Soudris D, Hübner M, Diniz PC, editors. Applied Reconfigurable Computing: 11th International Symposium, ARC 2015, Bochum, Germany, April 13-17, 2015, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kranert M, Kusch S, Huang J, Fischer K. Anaerobic Digestion of Waste. In: Karagiannidis A, editor. Waste to Energy: Opportunities and Challenges for Developing and Transition Economies. London: Springer; 2012. p. 107–35.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.

Blog post

1. O`Callaghan J. Hibernating Aliens May Explain Why We Haven’t Found Any Other Life Yet [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/space/hibernating-aliens-may-explain-why-we-havent-found-any-other-life-yet/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Office of Personnel Management: Improvements Needed to Ensure Successful Retirement Systems Modernization. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008 Jan. Report No.: GAO-08-345.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Alimo CJ. From dialogue to action: The development of White racial allies [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Pilon M. Games Are Over; Battle Goes On. New York Times. 2012 Aug 26;SP4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging
ISSN (print)	1619-7070
ISSN (online)	1619-7089
Scope	General Medicine Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging