How to format your references using the European Journal of Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schrope M. Digging deep. Nature. 2007; 447: 246–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brown SP, Hestrin S. Intracortical circuits of pyramidal neurons reflect their long-range axonal targets. Nature. 2009; 457: 1133–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kersten S, Desvergne B, Wahli W. Roles of PPARs in health and disease. Nature. 2000; 405: 421–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Sebastiani P, Solovieff N, Puca A, et al. Genetic signatures of exceptional longevity in humans. Science. 2010; 2010.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Labadie N, Prins C, Prodhon C. Metaheuristics for Vehicle Routing Problems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

Setchi R, Jordanov I, Howlett RJ, Jain LC, editors. Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems: 14th International Conference, KES 2010, Cardiff, UK, September 8-10, 2010, Proceedings, Part IV. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. XXIII, 651 p. 298 illus p.

A chapter in an edited book

Hawthorne G, Yarnall AJ. Cardiovascular Risk, Glucose and Targets for Management of Diabetes in Older People. In: Hawthorne G, editor. Diabetes Care for the Older Patient: A Practical Handbook. London: Springer; 2012. p. 75–99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Ophthalmology.

Blog post

Luntz S. Perhaps Porn Doesn’t Make Men Fall Out of Love After All [Internet]. IFLScience. 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/perhaps-porn-doesnt-make-men-fall-out-of-love-after-all/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. The Rise of Political Science. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mersch C. Campus-based drunk-driving intervention program: A grant proposal project [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sophia Kishkovsky; Compiled by. Arts, Briefly; Rare Violin in the Spotlight. New York Times. 2005; : E2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Ophthalmology
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Ophthalmol.
ISSN (print)	1120-6721
ISSN (online)	1724-6016
Scope	General Medicine Ophthalmology