How to format your references using the European Journal of Pediatrics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Pediatrics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sapienza C (2007) Molecular biology. Do Watson and Crick motor from X to Z? Science 315:46–47

A journal article with 2 authors

Scholes RJ, Biggs R (2005) A biodiversity intactness index. Nature 434:45–49

A journal article with 3 authors

Houlié N, Dreger D, Kim A (2014) GPS source solution of the 2004 Parkfield earthquake. Sci Rep 4:3646

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Cheng YC, Kicas S, Trull J, et al (2014) Flat focusing mirror. Sci Rep 4:6326

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hamdan M, Righetti PG (2005) Proteomics Today. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Simpson R (2016) Gender, Class and Occupation: Working Class Men doing Dirty Work. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London

A chapter in an edited book

Hernandez-Leal P, Sucar LE, Gonzalez JA, et al (2011) Learning Temporal Bayesian Networks for Power Plant Diagnosis. In: Mehrotra KG, Mohan CK, Oh JC, et al (eds) Modern Approaches in Applied Intelligence: 24th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems, IEA/AIE 2011, Syracuse, NY, USA, June 28 – July 1, 2011, Proceedings, Part I. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 39–48

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Pediatrics.

Blog post

Fang J (2015) Competing Parasites Sabotage Each Other. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/competing-parasites-sabotage-each-other/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Strong Leadership and Effective Partnerships Needed to Reduce Likelihood of Adverse Impact. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Day KC (2017) CPA Perceptions of Human Skills for Professional Competency Development Needs. Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rojas R, Remnick N, Palmer E (2016) Prosecutor Adds First-Degree Murder Charge in Killing of Imam and Aide. New York Times A17

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Pediatrics
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Pediatr.
ISSN (print)	0340-6199
ISSN (online)	1432-1076
Scope	Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health