How to format your references using the Fertility Research and Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Fertility Research and Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Konner M. Bad words. Nature. 2001;411:743.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Taylor JR, Stocker R. Trade-offs of chemotactic foraging in turbulent water. Science. 2012;338:675–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Stollewerk A, Schoppmeier M, Damen WGM. Involvement of Notch and Delta genes in spider segmentation. Nature. 2003;423:863–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Chen L, Park S-M, Tumanov AV, Hau A, Sawada K, Feig C, et al. CD95 promotes tumour growth. Nature. 2010;465:492–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Grose M. Construction Law in the United Arab Emirates and the Gulf. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

1. Azar AT, editor. Modelling and Control of Dialysis Systems: Volume 1: Modeling Techniques of Hemodialysis Systems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Chaki S, Clarke E, Grumberg O, Ouaknine J, Sharygina N, Touili T, et al. State/Event Software Verification for Branching-Time Specifications. In: Romijn J, Smith G, Pol J van de, editors. Integrated Formal Methods: 5th International Conference, IFM 2005, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, November 29 - December 2, 2005 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005. p. 53–69.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Fertility Research and Practice.

Blog post

1. Andrews R. Australian Trees And Termite Mounds Hint At Hidden Gold Caches. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Higher Education: School’s Use of the Antitrust Exemption Has Not Significantly Affected College Affordability or Likelihood of Student Enrollment to Date. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006 Sep. Report No.: GAO-06-963.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Tanag HB. Building bridges of hope after loss: A self-directed workbook for foster parents [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Koniak SP, Cohen GM, Dana DA, Ross T. How Washington Abetted the Bank Job. New York Times. 2010 Apr 4;WK10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Fertility Research and Practice
Abbreviation	Fertil. Res. Pract.
ISSN (online)	2054-7099
Scope