How to format your references using the Financial Markets and Portfolio Management citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Financial Markets and Portfolio Management. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Vela, C.: Turn Spain’s budget crisis into an opportunity. Nature. 486, 7 (2012)

A journal article with 2 authors

Van Roy, P., Briggs, D.E.G.: A giant Ordovician anomalocaridid. Nature. 473, 510–513 (2011)

A journal article with 3 authors

Yamamoto, Y., Stock, D.W., Jeffery, W.R.: Hedgehog signalling controls eye degeneration in blind cavefish. Nature. 431, 844–847 (2004)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Todo, Y., Kitazato, H., Hashimoto, J., Gooday, A.J.: Simple foraminifera flourish at the ocean’s deepest point. Science. 307, 689 (2005)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Evans, R.: Seven Secrets of the Savvy School Leader. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, USA (2010)

An edited book

Slootweg, P.J. ed: Dental and Oral Pathology. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2016)

A chapter in an edited book

Bainbridge, W.S.: Science, Technology, and Reality in The Matrix Online and Tabula Rasa. In: Bainbridge, W.S. (ed.) Online Worlds: Convergence of the Real and the Virtual. pp. 57–70. Springer, London (2010)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Financial Markets and Portfolio Management.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Are Hospitals The Safest Place For Healthy Women To Have Babies? An Obstetrician Thinks Twice, https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/are-hospitals-safest-place-healthy-women-have-babies-obstetrician-thinks-twice/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Year 2000 Computing Challenge: DEA Has Developed Plans and Established Controls for Business Continuity Planning. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1999)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gowetski, D.B.: Manipulation of DNA topology using an artificial DNA-looping protein, (2012)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, M.: Baubles And Bags To Customize, (2010)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Vela 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Van Roy and Briggs 2011; Vela 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Van Roy and Briggs 2011)
Three or more authors: (Todo et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Financial Markets and Portfolio Management
ISSN (print)	1934-4554
ISSN (online)	2373-8529
Scope