How to format your references using the Flora citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Flora. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Freeman, K.H., 2009. Journal club. A biogeochemist ponders muddy molecules and past climates. Nature 462, 701.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sander, P.M., Clauss, M., 2008. Paleontology. Sauropod gigantism. Science 322, 200–201.

A journal article with 3 authors

Platt, T., Fuentes-Yaco, C., Frank, K.T., 2003. Marine ecology: Spring algal bloom and larval fish survival. Nature 423, 398–399.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Nakatani, K., Ishikawa, H., Aono, S., Mizutani, Y., 2014. Identification of essential histidine residues involved in heme binding and Hemozoin formation in heme detoxification protein from Plasmodium falciparum. Sci. Rep. 4, 6137.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stoican, F., Olaru, S., 2013. Set-theoretic Fault-tolerant Control in Multisensor Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA.

An edited book

Jakus, G., 2013. Concepts, Ontologies, and Knowledge Representation, SpringerBriefs in Computer Science. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Viscusi, G., Batini, C., Mecella, M., 2010. State Reconstruction, in: Batini, C., Mecella, M. (Eds.), Information Systems for eGovernment: A Quality-of-Service Perspective. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 75–98.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Flora.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Watch Satellites and Space Debris Floating Around Earth in Real Time [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/watch-satellites-and-space-debris-floating-around-earth-real-time/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1993. Airport Improvement Program: Allocation of Funds From 1982 to 1992 (No. RCED-94-14FS). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Smith, J.M., 2012. (Un)Working Binaries, (Un)Doing Privilege: Narratives of Teachers Who Make Safe Spaces for LGBTQ Students (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Sisario, B., 2017. After Shake-Up, Pandora Picks Chief of Sling TV To Be Its New C.E.O. New York Times B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Freeman, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Freeman, 2009; Sander and Clauss, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sander and Clauss, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Nakatani et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Flora
Abbreviation	Flora
ISSN (print)	0367-2530
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Plant Science Ecology