How to format your references using the Frontiers in Livestock Genomics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Livestock Genomics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gumbsch, P. (2003). Materials science. Modeling strain hardening the hard way. Science 301, 1857–1858.

A journal article with 2 authors

Leuenberger, M. N., and Loss, D. (2001). Quantum computing in molecular magnets. Nature 410, 789–793.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jiang, Y., Kirmizialtin, S., and Sanchez, I. C. (2014). Dynamic void distribution in myoglobin and five mutants. Sci. Rep. 4, 4011.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wu, G., Chai, J., Suber, T. L., Wu, J. W., Du, C., Wang, X., et al. (2000). Structural basis of IAP recognition by Smac/DIABLO. Nature 408, 1008–1012.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Levin, M. A., and Kalal, T. T. (2005). Improving Product Reliability. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Puoci, F. ed. (2015). Advanced Polymers in Medicine. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Knaster, S., Malik, W., and Dalrymple, M. (2012). “Inheritance,” in Learn Objective-C on the Mac: For iOS and OS X, eds. W. Malik and M. Dalrymple (Berkeley, CA: Apress), 53–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Livestock Genomics.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014). Teenager Invents Energy-Generating Shoe Insoles. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/teenager-invents-energy-generating-shoe-insoles/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005). NASA’s Space Vision: Business Case for Prometheus 1 Needed to Ensure Requirements Match Available Resources. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yang, S. J. (2014). Adapting Korean Cinderella Folklore as Fairy Tales for Children. Lafayette, LA: University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Leland, J. (2016). Painting Brooklyn, Without a Brush. New York Times, MB8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gumbsch, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Leuenberger and Loss, 2001; Gumbsch, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Leuenberger and Loss, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Wu et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Livestock Genomics
Abbreviation	Front. Genet.
ISSN (online)	1664-8021
Scope	Genetics Molecular Medicine Genetics(clinical)