How to format your references using the Frontiers in Neurorobotics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Neurorobotics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Soderblom, D. (2015). Astrophysics: Stellar clocks. Nature 517, 557–558.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mitchell, C. E., and Power, A. G. (2003). Release of invasive plants from fungal and viral pathogens. Nature 421, 625–627.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gregory, J. M., Huybrechts, P., and Raper, S. C. B. (2004). Climatology: threatened loss of the Greenland ice-sheet. Nature 428, 616.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Caraveo, P. A., Bignami, G. F., DeLuca, A., Mereghetti, S., Pellizzoni, A., Mignani, R., et al. (2003). Geminga’s tails: a pulsar bow shock probing the interstellar medium. Science 301, 1345–1347.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Héno, R., and Chandelier, L. (2014). 3D Modeling of Buildings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Vidojkovic, V. (2008). Adaptive Multi-Standard RF Front-Ends., eds. J. van der Tang, A. Leeuwenburgh, and A. van Roermund. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Reith, W. (2016). “ComputedTomography,” in Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, eds. T. J. Vogl, W. Reith, and E. J. Rummeny (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 25–30.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Neurorobotics.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014). Eta Aquarid Meteor Shower Live Stream. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/space/eta-aquarid-meteor-shower-live-stream/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1989). Pipeline Safety Risk Assessment Program Could Help Evaluate Inspection Cycle. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Negussie, H. (2014). Integration of indigenous knowledge and cultural practices in early childhood care and education programs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: An exploratory case study. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Leland, J. (2016). Carlsen, ‘Mozart of Chess,’ Overwhelms Challenger to Win Championship. New York Times, A29.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Soderblom, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Mitchell and Power, 2003; Soderblom, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Mitchell and Power, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Caraveo et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Neurorobotics
Abbreviation	Front. Neurorobot.
ISSN (online)	1662-5218
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Engineering