How to format your references using the Information and Organization citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Information and Organization. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Moore, D. D. (2007). Physiology. Sister act. Science (New York, N.Y.), 316(5830), 1436–1438.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tian, C., & Zheng, J. C. (2011). Reprogrammed Astrocytes as a Potential Therapy for Neurodegenerative Disorders. Science (New York, N.Y.), 334(6063 Suppl), 53–54.

A journal article with 3 authors

Penner, J. E., Dong, X., & Chen, Y. (2004). Observational evidence of a change in radiative forcing due to the indirect aerosol effect. Nature, 427(6971), 231–234.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Rong, H., Jones, R., Liu, A., Cohen, O., Hak, D., Fang, A., & Paniccia, M. (2005). A continuous-wave Raman silicon laser. Nature, 433(7027), 725–728.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ccps. (2017). Guidelines for Combustible Dust Hazard Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Ferrari, C. (Ed.). (2011). Dinamica dei gas rarefatti (Vol. 33). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Nishide, T., & Sakurai, K. (2011). Distributed Paillier Cryptosystem without Trusted Dealer. In Y. Chung & M. Yung (Eds.), Information Security Applications: 11th International Workshop, WISA 2010, Jeju Island, Korea, August 24-26, 2010, Revised Selected Papers (pp. 44–60). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Information and Organization.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2017, June 5). Newly Refined “Liquid Biopsies” Could Detect Cancer From Simple Blood Tests. IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2009). Feasibility of Requiring Financial Assurances for the Recall or Destruction of Unsafe Consumer Products (GAO-09-512R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Al-Qazzaz, A. L. (2013). A kinetic study of the radiolytic degradation of phthalates in aqueous solutions [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B. (2016, November 7). A Pot of Gold Has to Be Good, Right? New York Times, C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Moore, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Moore, 2007; Tian & Zheng, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tian & Zheng, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Rong et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Information and Organization
Abbreviation	Inf. Organ.
ISSN (print)	1471-7727
Scope	Management Information Systems Management of Technology and Innovation Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management Information Systems Library and Information Sciences