How to format your references using the Integrative Medicine Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Integrative Medicine Reports (IMR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hafner SD. Ecology: Is fertilization efficiency misleading? Nature 2003;422(6930):397–8; discussion 398.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sholl DS, Johnson JK. Materials science. Making high-flux membranes with carbon nanotubes. Science 2006;312(5776):1003–1004.

A journal article with 3 authors

Li de la Sierra-Gallay I, Pellegrini O, Condon C. Structural basis for substrate binding, cleavage and allostery in the tRNA maturase RNase Z. Nature 2005;433(7026):657–661.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wang S, Dong H, Hou W, et al. Greater temporal changes of sediment microbial community than its waterborne counterpart in Tengchong hot springs, Yunnan Province, China. Sci Rep 2014;4:7479.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Janke SJ, Tinsley FC. Introduction to Linear Models and Statistical Inference. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ; 2005.

An edited book

Núñez M, Güdemann M, (eds). Formal Methods for Industrial Critical Systems: 20th International Workshop, FMICS 2015 Oslo, Norway, June 22-23, 2015 Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing: Cham; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Krishans Z, Mutule A, Merkuryev Y, et al. Optimal Initial States Method. In: Dynamic Management of Sustainable Development: Methods for Large Technical Systems. (Mutule A, Merkuryev Y, Oleinikova I. eds) Springer: London; 2011; pp. 45–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Integrative Medicine Reports.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Stephen Hawking Says We Should Be “Wary” About Contacting Aliens. IFLScience; 2016. [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Communications Commission: Federal Advisory Committees Follow Requirements, but FCC Should Improve Its Process for Appointing Committee Members. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Corral E. Latino Undocumented Students in Los Angeles: A Grant Proposal Project. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach: Long Beach, CA; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Isherwood C. British Inmates Learning Lessons, or Not. New York Times 2016;C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Integrative Medicine Reports
ISSN (online)	2768-3222
Scope