How to format your references using the International Journal for Quality Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal for Quality Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Phillips, D. (2002). Obituary: George Porter (1920-2002). Nature, 419(6907), 578.

A journal article with 2 authors

DeConto, R. M., & Pollard, D. (2003). Rapid Cenozoic glaciation of Antarctica induced by declining atmospheric CO2. Nature, 421(6920), 245–249.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang, Z., Watanabe, S., & Kato, T. (2013). The irradiation effect of a simultaneous laser and electron dual-beam on void formation. Scientific Reports, 3, 1201.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Hillman, T. R., Yamauchi, T., Choi, W., Dasari, R. R., Feld, M. S., Park, Y., & Yaqoob, Z. (2013). Digital optical phase conjugation for delivering two-dimensional images through turbid media. Scientific Reports, 3, 1909.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Adhikari, S. (2013). Structural Dynamic Analysis with Generalized Damping Models. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Düh, J., Hufnagl, H., Juritsch, E., Pfliegl, R., Schimany, H.-K., & Schönegger, H. (Eds.). (2010). Data and Mobility: Transforming Information into Intelligent Traffic and Transportation Services Proceedings of the Lakeside Conference 2010 (Vol. 81). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Adams, A. E. (2016). Relocating the Contributions to Ethnography and Public Anthropology of Antonio Goubaud Carrera (1902–1951), Guatemala’s First Official Indigenist. In J. C. Nash & H. C. Buechler (Eds.), Ethnographic Collaborations in Latin America: The Effects of Globalization (pp. 67–88). Palgrave Macmillan US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal for Quality Research.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2013, October 22). Scientists have made light appear to break Newton’s third law. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/physics/scientists-have-made-light-appear-break-newton’s-third-law/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2003). Response to the Department of Education’s Request to Reconsider the High-Risk Designation of Federal Student Aid Programs (GAO-03-885R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shan, J. (2014). A Theoretical Investigation of Radial Lateral Wells with Shockwave Completion in Shale Gas Reservoirs [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Louisiana.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M. (2013, January 26). Sports Access For Disabled Is Clarified. New York Times, D5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Phillips, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (DeConto & Pollard, 2003; Phillips, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (DeConto & Pollard, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Hillman et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal for Quality Research
ISSN (print)	1800-6450
ISSN (online)	1800-7473
Scope