How to format your references using the International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Plenio, M. B. (2009). Physics. Less is more. Science (New York, N.Y.), 324(5925), 342–343.

A journal article with 2 authors

Czakó, G., & Bowman, J. M. (2011). Dynamics of the reaction of methane with chlorine atom on an accurate potential energy surface. Science (New York, N.Y.), 334(6054), 343–346.

A journal article with 3 authors

Savukov, I. M., Lee, S.-K., & Romalis, M. V. (2006). Optical detection of liquid-state NMR. Nature, 442(7106), 1021–1024.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Frueh, D. P., Arthanari, H., Koglin, A., Vosburg, D. A., Bennett, A. E., Walsh, C. T., & Wagner, G. (2008). Dynamic thiolation-thioesterase structure of a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase. Nature, 454(7206), 903–906.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Maguire, L., & Smith, E. (2012). 30 Great Myths about Shakespeare. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

An edited book

Díez Muiño, R., & Busnengo, H. F. (Eds.). (2013). Dynamics of Gas-Surface Interactions: Atomic-level Understanding of Scattering Processes at Surfaces (Vol. 50). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Crea, F., De Stefano, C., Foti, C., Lando, G., Milea, D., & Sammartano, S. (2016). Alkali Metal Ion Complexes with Phosphates, Nucleotides, Amino Acids, and Related Ligands of Biological Relevance. Their Properties in Solution. In A. Sigel, H. Sigel, & R. K. O. Sigel (Eds.), The Alkali Metal Ions: Their Role for Life (pp. 133–166). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2014, October 26). Jupiter-Sized Sunspot Largest for 24 Years. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2011). Next Generation Air Transportation System: Linking Test Facilities Can Help Leverage Resources and Improve Technology Transfer Efforts (No. GAO-12-187T). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Alimo, C. J. (2010). From dialogue to action: The development of White racial allies (Doctoral dissertation). University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, C. (2011, March 13). An Unorthodox Life Yields a Novelist of Promise. New York Times, p. A27B.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Plenio 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Czakó and Bowman 2011; Plenio 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Czakó and Bowman 2011)
Three or more authors: (Frueh et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
Abbreviation	Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater.
ISSN (print)	1976-0485
ISSN (online)	2234-1315
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Ocean Engineering