How to format your references using the International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Mi B. Materials science. Graphene oxide membranes for ionic and molecular sieving. Science 2014;343:740–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Jimenez R, Haiman Z. Significant primordial star formation at redshifts z approximately 3-4. Nature 2006;440:501–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Baughman RH, Zakhidov AA, de Heer WA. Carbon nanotubes--the route toward applications. Science 2002;297:787–92.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Tang Z, Chandrasekara R, Sean YY, Cheng C, Wildfeuer C, Ling A. Near-space flight of a correlated photon system. Sci Rep 2014;4:6366.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Tang C. The Data Industry: The Business and Economics of Information and Big Data. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Möslein KM. Strategies for Innovators: HHL Open School Case Book. Wiesbaden: Gabler; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Cawston S, Vostrikova L. An f-Divergence Approach for Optimal Portfolios in Exponential Lévy Models. In: Kabanov Y, Rutkowski M, Zariphopoulou T, editors. Inspired by Finance: The Musiela Festschrift, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014, p. 83–101.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Fly-By Missions: What Is The Point When We Have The Technology To Go Into Orbit? IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/space/fly-missions-what-point-when-we-have-technology-go-orbit/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Aircraft Certification: New FAA Approach Needed to Meet Challenges of Advanced Technology. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Gros TR. A templated agarose scaffold for axon guidance in the central and peripheral nervous system. Doctoral dissertation. University of California San Diego, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

McKINLEY JC Jr. Top State Court Deals Facebook a Setback. New York Times 2017:A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus
Abbreviation	Int. J. Diabetes Mellit.
ISSN (print)	1877-5934
Scope	Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine