How to format your references using the International Journal of Epilepsy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Epilepsy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Szathmáry E. Evolution. To group or not to group? Science. 2011;334(6063):1648-1649.

A journal article with 2 authors

O’Neill JS, Reddy AB. Circadian clocks in human red blood cells. Nature. 2011;469(7331):498-503.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mason AC, Oshinsky ML, Hoy RR. Hyperacute directional hearing in a microscale auditory system. Nature. 2001;410(6829):686-690.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Chen M, Wang YH, Wang Y, et al. Dendritic cell apoptosis in the maintenance of immune tolerance. Science. 2006;311(5764):1160-1164.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Simko SP. Strategic Fixed Income Investing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

Esposito Vinzi V, Chin WW, Henseler J, Wang H, eds. Handbook of Partial Least Squares: Concepts, Methods and Applications. Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Ansari D, Price G, Holloway I. Typical and Atypical Development of Basic Numerical Magnitude Representations: A Review of Behavioral and Neuroimaging Studies. In: Ferrari M, Vuletic L, eds. The Developmental Relations among Mind, Brain and Education: Essays in Honor of Robbie Case. Springer Netherlands; 2010:105-127.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Epilepsy.

Blog post

Luntz S. Motor Neuron Disease Linked To Schizophrenia, And Treatment Might Be Getting Closer. IFLScience. March 29, 2017. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/motor-neuron-disease-linked-to-schizophrenia-and-treatment-might-be-getting-closer/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: Transportation Security Administration Has Strengthened Planning to Guide Investments in Key Aviation Security Programs, but More Work Remains. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2008.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Learn DT. Differentiating Instruction on the Basis of Cognitive Tools: A Case Study of Honors and Mainstream Middle School Classes. Doctoral dissertation. Capella University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

de la MERCED MJ. Blue Apron, Fast-Growing Pioneer in Delivering Meal Kits, Files for Public Offering. New York Times. June 2, 2017:B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Epilepsy
Abbreviation	Int. J. Epilepsy
ISSN (print)	2213-6320
Scope	Clinical Neurology