How to format your references using the International Journal of Food Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Food Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Littlewood, P., 2007. Physics. Condensates made of light. Science 316, 989–990.

A journal article with 2 authors

Piketty, T., Saez, E., 2014. Inequality in the long run. Science 344, 838–843.

A journal article with 3 authors

Maiorano, D., Moreau, J., Méchali, M., 2000. XCDT1 is required for the assembly of pre-replicative complexes in Xenopus laevis. Nature 404, 622–625.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Andrews, L., Paradise, J., Holbrook, T., Bochneak, D., 2006. Science and law. When patents threaten science. Science 314, 1395–1396.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bowling, J., 2011. Diagnostic Dermoscopy. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Curry, G.L., 2009. Manufacturing Systems Modeling and Analysis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Brenner, D.J., Staley, J.T., Krieg, N.R., 2005. Classification of Procaryotic Organisms and the Concept of Bacterial Speciation, in: Brenner, D.J., Krieg, N.R., Staley, J.T., Garrity, G.M. (Eds.), Bergey’s Manual® of Systematic Bacteriology: Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part A Introductory Essays. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 27–32.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Food Microbiology.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2015. Bizarre Photo Appears To Show Snake EATING Its Way Out Of Another Snake [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2003. Reducing Congestion: Congestion Pricing Has Promise for Improving Use of Transportation Infrastructure (No. GAO-03-735T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cummings, A.E., 2009. Brain and behavior in children with phonological delays: Phonological, lexical, and sensory system interactions (Doctoral dissertation). University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S., 2002. Judges Catch Up, With Some Cramming. New York Times A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Littlewood, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Littlewood, 2007; Piketty and Saez, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Piketty and Saez, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Andrews et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Food Microbiology
Abbreviation	Int. J. Food Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	0168-1605
Scope	Food Science Microbiology General Medicine