How to format your references using the Ocean Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Ocean Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Haberland, H.: Looking from both sides, Nature, 494, E1-2, 2013.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jakosky, B. M. and Phillips, R. J.: Mars’ volatile and climate history, Nature, 412, 237–244, 2001.

A journal article with 3 authors

Motose, H., Sugiyama, M., and Fukuda, H.: A proteoglycan mediates inductive interaction during plant vascular development, Nature, 429, 873–878, 2004.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Keren, K., Krueger, M., Gilad, R., Ben-Yoseph, G., Sivan, U., and Braun, E.: Sequence-specific molecular lithography on single DNA molecules, Science, 297, 72–75, 2002.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hamdan, M. and Righetti, P. G.: Proteomics Today, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2005.

An edited book

Tamin, M. N.: Solder Joint Reliability Assessment: Finite Element Simulation Methodology, edited by: Shaffiar, N. M., Springer International Publishing, Cham, XIII, 174 p. 119 illus., 55 illus. in color p., 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Phan, D. H., Pointcheval, D., and Strefler, M.: Message-Based Traitor Tracing with Optimal Ciphertext Rate, in: Progress in Cryptology – LATINCRYPT 2012: 2nd International Conference on Cryptology and Information Security in Latin America, Santiago, Chile, October 7-10, 2012. Proceedings, edited by: Hevia, A. and Neven, G., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 56–77, 2012.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Ocean Science.

Blog post

Andrew, D.: We Created A Song That Makes Babies Happy, https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/we-created-a-song-that-makes-babies-happy/, last access: 30 October 2018, 2017., 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Administrative Operations and Financial Transactions, NASA Manned Spacecraft Center, 092435, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1972.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Jones, E.: Leadership Practices in K-12 Public Schools for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students: A Qualitative Study, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 2019.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Oestreich, J. R.: After the Deluge, Going On With the Show, , New York Times23rd OctoberC6, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Haberland, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Haberland, 2013; Jakosky and Phillips, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jakosky and Phillips, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Keren et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Ocean Science
Abbreviation	Ocean Sci.
ISSN (print)	1812-0784
ISSN (online)	1812-0792
Scope	Oceanography Palaeontology