How to format your references using the International Journal of Health Geographics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Health Geographics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Miralda-Escudé J. Cosmology. Probing matter at the lowest densities. Science. 2001;293:1055–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Truffer M, Fahnestock M. Climate change. Rethinking ice sheet time scales. Science. 2007;315:1508–10.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Bhalla US, Ram PT, Iyengar R. MAP kinase phosphatase as a locus of flexibility in a mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling network. Science. 2002;297:1018–23.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Hellebrand E, Snow JE, Dick HJ, Hofmann AW. Coupled major and trace elements as indicators of the extent of melting in mid-ocean-ridge peridotites. Nature. 2001;410:677–81.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. French M, Szepesvári C, Rogers E. Performance of Nonlinear Approximate Adaptive Controllers. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

1. Pfoser D, Tao Y, Mouratidis K, Nascimento MA, Mokbel M, Shekhar S, et al., editors. Advances in Spatial and Temporal Databases: 12th International Symposium, SSTD 2011, Minneapolis, MN, USA, August 24-26, 2011, Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Hutson JM, Beasley SW. Abnormalities of the Penis. In: Beasley SW, editor. The Surgical Examination of Children. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. p. 63–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Health Geographics.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Drone Captures Beautiful Footage Of Gray Whales Swimming With Dolphins [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/beautiful-drone-footage-gray-whales-swimming-dolphins/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Release of Carson City Silver Dollar Bidders List. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1979 Feb. Report No.: LCD-79-106.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Jackson M. A Bibliometric Analysis of Green Building Literature [Doctoral dissertation]. [Scottsdale, AZ]: Northcentral University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Crow K. Pool, Gym or a Bit of Both? Neighbors Mull the Options. New York Times. 2000 Dec 31;147.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Health Geographics
Abbreviation	Int. J. Health Geogr.
ISSN (online)	1476-072X
Scope	General Business, Management and Accounting General Computer Science Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health