How to format your references using the International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bürger, G., 2007. Comment on “The spatial extent of 20th-century warmth in the context of the past 1200 years.” Science 316, 1844; author reply 1844.

A journal article with 2 authors

Weiss, J., Marsan, D., 2003. Three-dimensional mapping of dislocation avalanches: clustering and space/time coupling. Science 299, 89–92.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pryke, S.R., Rollins, L.A., Griffith, S.C., 2010. Females use multiple mating and genetically loaded sperm competition to target compatible genes. Science 329, 964–967.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Gardner, T.A., Côté, I.M., Gill, J.A., Grant, A., Watkinson, A.R., 2003. Long-term region-wide declines in Caribbean corals. Science 301, 958–960.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kaut Roth, C., Faulkner, W.H., Jr, 2013. Review Questions for MRI. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,., West Sussex, UK.

An edited book

Pudasaini, S.P., 2007. Avalanche Dynamics: Dynamics of Rapid Flows of Dense Granular Avalanches. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Harrison, J., 2008. Theorem Proving for Verification (Invited Tutorial), in: Gupta, A., Malik, S. (Eds.), Computer Aided Verification: 20th International Conference, CAV 2008 Princeton, NJ, USA, July 7-14, 2008 Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 11–18.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. How To Memorise An Entire Foreign Dictionary (And Become A Scrabble World Champion) [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/brain/how-memorise-entire-foreign-dictionary-and-become-scrabble-world-champion/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1976. Bilingual Education: A Necessity That Has Not Been Satisfied (No. HRD-76-25). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shackelford, V., 2014. Mary’s mandala story: Images of chaos in mandala psychology (Doctoral dissertation). Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow, L., 2005. A Rock Club Closes After a Four-Year Run. New York Times 14LI9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bürger, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Bürger, 2007; Weiss and Marsan, 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Weiss and Marsan, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Gardner et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
Abbreviation	Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health
ISSN (print)	1438-4639
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health