How to format your references using the International Journal of Infectious Diseases citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Infectious Diseases. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nobrega MA. Journal club. A human geneticist explores the ways that genes are regulated. Nature 2010;466:11.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schmid EM, McMahon HT. Integrating molecular and network biology to decode endocytosis. Nature 2007;448:883–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Knigge C, Coe MJ, Podsiadlowski P. Two populations of X-ray pulsars produced by two types of supernova. Nature 2011;479:372–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hartschuh A, Pedrosa HN, Novotny L, Krauss TD. Simultaneous fluorescence and Raman scattering from single carbon nanotubes. Science 2003;301:1354–6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Deutsch R. Convergence. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

Béal M-P, Carton O, editors. Developments in Language Theory: 17th International Conference, DLT 2013, Marne-la-Vallée, France, June 18-21, 2013. Proceedings. vol. 7907. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Palin VV, Radkevich EV. On the Riemann’s Problem for One Nonstrictly Hyperbolic System. In: Sadovnichiy VA, Zgurovsky MZ, editors. Continuous and Distributed Systems II: Theory and Applications, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015, p. 83–99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Infectious Diseases.

Blog post

Luntz S. Infants Too Young For Vaccines Catch Measles From Unvaccinated Children At Disneyland. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/disneyland-measles-outbreak-hits-children-too-young-be-vaccinated/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Rail Safety: The Federal Railroad Administration Is Better Targeting Its Oversight, but Needs to Assess the Impact of Its Efforts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fine JG. Magical Transformation or Illusion of Grandeur: The Development of Downtown West Palm Beach, 1985-2015. Doctoral dissertation. Florida Atlantic University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW. Debt Plan Still Fragile for Puerto Rico Utility, Lawmakers Are Told. New York Times 2016:B5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nobrega, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Nobrega, 2010; Schmid and McMahon, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schmid and McMahon, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Hartschuh et al., 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Abbreviation	Int. J. Infect. Dis.
ISSN (print)	1201-9712
Scope	General Medicine Infectious Diseases Microbiology (medical)