How to format your references using the International Journal of Intercultural Relations citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Intercultural Relations. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Teichert, S. (2014). Hollow rhodoliths increase Svalbard’s shelf biodiversity. Scientific Reports, 4, 6972.

A journal article with 2 authors

Shapiro, E., & Gil, B. (2008). Cell biology. RNA computing in a living cell. Science (New York, N.Y.), 322(5900), 387–388.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pavlidis, I., Eberhardt, N. L., & Levine, J. A. (2002). Seeing through the face of deception. Nature, 415(6867), 35.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Shan, C.-J., Cheng, W.-W., Liu, J.-B., Cheng, Y.-S., & Liu, T.-K. (2014). Scaling of geometric quantum discord close to a topological phase transition. Scientific Reports, 4, 4473.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gordon, M. E. (2009). Trump University Entrepreneurship 101. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Foggia, P., Sansone, C., & Vento, M. (Eds.). (2009). Image Analysis and Processing – ICIAP 2009: 15th International Conference Vietri sul Mare, Italy, September 8-11, 2009 Proceedings (Vol. 5716). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Algaba, F., Ro, J. Y., Shen, S. S., & Truong, L. D. (2009). Testis. In S. S. Shen & J. Y. Ro (Eds.), Frozen Section Library: Genitourinary Tract (pp. 137–159). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Intercultural Relations.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2017, October 24). Modern Humans And Neanderthals May Have Been Swapping STIs. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/modern-humans-and-neanderthals-may-have-been-swapping-stis/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1988). Air Traffic Control: FAA Should Define the Optimal Advanced Automation System Alternative (IMTEC-89-5). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Prietto, M. (2015). No place like home: The problem and the promise of the home psychotherapy office [Doctoral dissertation]. Pacifica Graduate Institute.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K. (2007, December 9). Hidden Treasures Of the Food Industry. New York Times, 14NJ13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Teichert, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Shapiro & Gil, 2008; Teichert, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shapiro & Gil, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Shan et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Intercultural Relations
Abbreviation	Int. J. Intercult. Relat.
ISSN (print)	0147-1767
Scope	Business and International Management Social Psychology Sociology and Political Science