How to format your references using the International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (IJOM). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ghahramani Z. Probabilistic machine learning and artificial intelligence. Nature 2015;521:452–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Fairchild AL, Bayer R. Public health. Ethics and the conduct of public health surveillance. Science 2004;303:631–2.

A journal article with 3 authors

Attri AK, Kumar U, Jain VK. Formation of ozone by fireworks. Nature 2001;411:1015.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Mezzenga R, Ruokolainen J, Fredrickson GH, Kramer EJ, Moses D, Heeger AJ, Ikkala O. Templating organic semiconductors via self-assembly of polymer colloids. Science 2003;299:1872–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tms. TMS 2014 Supplemental Proceedings. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

Wettestad J. Rescuing EU Emissions Trading: The Climate Policy Flagship. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Acary V, Brogliato B. Higher Order Constrained Dynamical Systems. In: Brogliato B, editor. Numerical Methods for Nonsmooth Dynamical Systems: Applications in Mechanics and Electronics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 177–88.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.

Blog post

Evans K. These Gorgeous “Planet Earth II” Videos Are The Best Cure For Election Anxiety. IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/these-gorgeous-planet-earth-2-videos-are-the-best-cure-for-election-anxiety/. Accessed October 30, 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. United States Interests and Activities in Nepal. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

De Ros KM. A content analysis of television ads: Does current practice maximize cognitive processing?. Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Mcgirr M. Sink Into the Silence of Summer. New York Times 2017:SR9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Abbreviation	Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg.
ISSN (print)	0901-5027
ISSN (online)	1399-0020
Scope	Otorhinolaryngology Surgery Oral Surgery