How to format your references using the International Urology and Nephrology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Urology and Nephrology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hoag H (2004) Coming back to life Montreal. Nature 430:274–275

A journal article with 2 authors

Dunn RA, Martinez F (2011) Contrasting crustal production and rapid mantle transitions beneath back-arc ridges. Nature 469:198–202

A journal article with 3 authors

Green HW 2nd, Chen W-P, Brudzinski MR (2010) Seismic evidence of negligible water carried below 400-km depth in subducting lithosphere. Nature 467:828–831

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Amidzic O, Riehle HJ, Fehr T, et al (2001) Pattern of focal gamma-bursts in chess players. Nature 412:603

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Meghouar H (2016) Corporate Takeover Targets. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Tongway DJ (2011) Restoring Disturbed Landscapes: Putting Principles into Practice. Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, Washington, DC

A chapter in an edited book

Summers JA (2014) The Sclera and Its Role in Regulation of the Refractive State. In: Spaide RF, Ohno-Matsui K, Yannuzzi LA (eds) Pathologic Myopia. Springer, New York, NY, pp 59–74

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Urology and Nephrology.

Blog post

Luntz S (2015) CT Scans Reveal Preserved Body Inside Ancient Buddhist Statue. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1987) [Comments on Proposal To Add Subpart to FAR]. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Templeton TH (2017) The Impact of Emergent Information and Communication Technology on Peacebuilding. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Scott M (2017) Google Is Fined $2.7 Billion for Crowding Out European Rivals. New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Urology and Nephrology
Abbreviation	Int. Urol. Nephrol.
ISSN (print)	0301-1623
ISSN (online)	1573-2584
Scope	Nephrology Urology