How to format your references using the Irish Historical Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Irish Historical Studies (IHS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Murphy, Daniel M., ‘Atmospheric science. Something in the air’ in Science (New York, N.Y.), cccvii, no. 5717 (2005), pp 1888–1890

A journal article with 2 authors

Cheney, R. E. and O. C. Rodriguez, ‘Cell biology. A switch to release the motor’ in Science (New York, N.Y.), ccxciii, no. 5533 (2001), pp 1263–1264

A journal article with 3 authors

Peumans, Peter, Soichi Uchida and Stephen R. Forrest, ‘Efficient bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells using small-molecular-weight organic thin films’ in Nature, cdxxv, no. 6954 (2003), pp 158–162

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Vergani, Paola, Steve W. Lockless, Angus C. Nairn and David C. Gadsby, ‘CFTR channel opening by ATP-driven tight dimerization of its nucleotide-binding domains’ in Nature, cdxxxiii, no. 7028 (2005), pp 876–880

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Han, Charles C. and A. Ziya Akcasu, Scattering and Dynamics of Polymers (Singapore, 2011)

An edited book

Hartimo, Mirja (ed.), Phenomenology and Mathematics (Phaenomenologica, Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives, Dordrecht, 2010)

A chapter in an edited book

Kleppel, G. S., Dwayne E. Porter and M. Richard DeVoe, ‘Urban Typology and Estuarine Biodiversity in Rapidly Developing Coastal Watersheds’ in G. S. Kleppel, M. Richard DeVoe and Mac V. Rawson (eds), Changing Land Use Patterns in the Coastal Zone: Managing Environmental Quality in Rapidly Developing Regions (Springer Series on Evironmental Management, New York, NY, 2006), pp 69–89

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Irish Historical Studies.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise, ‘What Is Insomnia And What Can You Do About It?’ in IFLScience (2015) (30 Oct. 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Commercial Aviation: Impact of Airline Crew Scheduling on Delays and Cancellations of Commercial Flights, by Government Accountability Office, GAO-08-1041R (Washington, DC, 2008)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Parker, Emily C., ‘Perceptions of youth with diabetes and their parents/guardians about youth eating habits and nutrition-related difficulties’ (Doctoral dissertation thesis, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2010)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Otis, John, ‘Bypassing Stigma to Take Care of Herself and a Daughter Like Her’ in New York Times, 26 Dec. 2016, p. A16

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Irish Historical Studies
Abbreviation	Ir. Hist. Stud.
ISSN (print)	0021-1214
Scope	History