How to format your references using the JAAD Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for JAAD Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lawler A. Archaeology. America’s lost city. Science. 2011;334(6063):1618-1623.

A journal article with 2 authors

Silvente-Poirot S, Poirot M. Cancer. Cholesterol and cancer, in the balance. Science. 2014;343(6178):1445-1446.

A journal article with 3 authors

Fouchier RAM, Herfst S, Osterhaus ADME. Public health and biosecurity. Restricted data on influenza H5N1 virus transmission. Science. 2012;335(6069):662-663.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Mineur YS, Abizaid A, Rao Y, et al. Nicotine decreases food intake through activation of POMC neurons. Science. 2011;332(6035):1330-1332.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gavin H, Porter T. Female Aggression. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Tryfonas T, ed. Human Aspects of Information Security, Privacy, and Trust: 4th International Conference, HAS 2016, Held as Part of HCI International 2016, Toronto, ON, Canada, July 17-22, 2016, Proceedings. Vol 9750. Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Goodman J, Langdon PM, Clarkson PJ. Providing Strategic User Information for Designers: Methods and Initial Findings. In: Clarkson J, Langdon P, Robinson P, eds. Designing Accessible Technology. Springer; 2006:41-51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for JAAD Case Reports.

Blog post

Davis J. Expert Committee Finds Genetically Engineered Crops Are As Safe To Eat As Conventionally Bred Plants. IFLScience. May 18, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/expert-committee-finds-ge-crops-are-safe-eat-conventionally-bred-plants/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications: Comprehensive Review of U.S. Spectrum Management with Broad Stakeholder Involvement Is Needed. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Clarke PN. Program Evaluation: A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of an Alternative Education Program in a Rural County of a Mid-Atlantic U.S. State. Doctoral dissertation. Capella University; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lee L. Looking Nice Either Way. New York Times. August 7, 2008:F3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	JAAD Case Reports
Abbreviation	JAAD Case Rep.
ISSN (print)	2352-5126
Scope