How to format your references using the Journal of Acute Disease citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Acute Disease (JAD). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Alexandrov LB. Understanding the origins of human cancer. Science 2015;350(6265):1175.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Vaughan DG, Arthern R. Climate change. Why is it hard to predict the future of ice sheets? Science 2007;315(5818):1503–1504.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Abe E, Pennycook SJ, Tsai AP. Direct observation of a local thermal vibration anomaly in a quasicrystal. Nature 2003;421(6921):347–350.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Pogna EAA, Rodríguez-Tinoco C, Krisch M, Rodríguez-Viejo J, Scopigno T. Acoustic-like dynamics of amorphous drugs in the THz regime. Sci Rep 2013;3:2518.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Harper C. Analytic Methods in Physics. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA: Weinheim, FRG, 2005.

An edited book

[1]

Agre G, Hitzler P, Krisnadhi AA, Kuznetsov SO (eds.). Artificial Intelligence: Methodology, Systems, and Applications: 16th International Conference, AIMSA 2014, Varna, Bulgaria, September 11-13, 2014. Proceedings. Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Houdebine L-M. Transgenics transgenic(s) : Alternative Gene Transfer Methods transgenic(s) alternative gene transfer methods. In: Meyers RA, editor. Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer: New York, NY, 2012: 10895–10923.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Acute Disease.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. WHO Prepares For Ebola Outbreak to Reach 20,000 In Nine Months. IFLScience. 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Trends in Evaluation. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1982.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Peters B. From Cybernetics to Cyber Networks: Norbert Wiener, the Soviet Internet, and the Cold War Dawn of Information Universalism. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

(nyt) SK. World Briefing | Europe: Russia: Tracking Foreigners. New York Times. 2003;:A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Acute Disease
Abbreviation	J. Acute Dis.
ISSN (print)	2221-6189
Scope