How to format your references using the Journal of Animal Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Animal Science (JAS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gewin, V. 2002. Groundbreaking research. Nature. 420:4–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stocker, R., and W. M. Durham. 2009. Microbiology. Tumbling for stealth? Science. 325:400–402.

A journal article with 3 authors

Prins, M. W., W. J. Welters, and J. W. Weekamp. 2001. Fluid control in multichannel structures by electrocapillary pressure. Science. 291:277–280.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Long, J., X. Huang, Y. Liao, X. Hu, J. Hu, S. Lui, R. Zhang, Y. Li, and Q. Gong. 2014. Prediction of post-earthquake depressive and anxiety symptoms: a longitudinal resting-state fMRI study. Sci. Rep. 4:6423.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Botto, F. 2003. Dictionary of e-Business. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Hatcliff, J., and E. Zucca, eds. 2010. Formal Techniques for Distributed Systems: Joint 12th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference, FMOODS 2010 and 30th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference, FORTE 2010, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, June 7-9, 2010. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Heimer, G., M. Rivlin, Z. Israel, and H. Bergman. 2006. Synchronizing activity of basal ganglia and pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease. In: P. Riederer, H. Reichmann, M. B. H. Youdim, and M. Gerlach, editors. Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders. Springer, Vienna. p. 17–20.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Animal Science.

Blog post

Hale, T. 2016. Does Lettuce Actually Get Your Rabbit Stoned? IFLScience. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/does-lettuce-actually-get-your-rabbit-stoned/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1991. Federal Research: Super Collider Estimates and Germany’s Industrially Produced Magnets. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Qin, R. 2008. Mid -ocean ridge morphology and tectonics: Insights from numerical modeling of faults and dikes [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University, New York, NY.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams, J. 2017. One Side Effect of Viagra: Inspiration to Write. New York Times. C6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Gewin, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Gewin, 2002; Stocker and Durham, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Stocker and Durham, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Long et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Animal Science
Abbreviation	J. Anim. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0021-8812
ISSN (online)	1525-3163
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Food Science Genetics General Medicine