How to format your references using the Journal of Biotechnology: X citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Biotechnology: X. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Finkelstein, J., 2009. Metalloproteins. Nature 460, 813.

A journal article with 2 authors

Meehl, G.A., Tebaldi, C., 2004. More intense, more frequent, and longer lasting heat waves in the 21st century. Science 305, 994–997.

A journal article with 3 authors

Renvall, V., Nangini, C., Hari, R., 2014. All that glitters is not BOLD: inconsistencies in functional MRI. Sci. Rep. 4, 3920.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Keung, A.J., Dong, M., Schaffer, D.V., Kumar, S., 2013. Pan-neuronal maturation but not neuronal subtype differentiation of adult neural stem cells is mechanosensitive. Sci. Rep. 3, 1817.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Krasner, D., 2016. A History of Modern Drama. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Engelhard, M. (Ed.), 2016. Synthetic Biology Analysed: Tools for Discussion and Evaluation, Ethics of Science and Technology Assessment, Schriftenreihe der EA European Academy of Technology and Innovation Assessment GmbH. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Kearney, K.T., Torelli, F., 2011. The SLA Model, in: Wieder, P., Butler, J.M., Theilmann, W., Yahyapour, R. (Eds.), Service Level Agreements for Cloud Computing. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 43–67.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Biotechnology: X.

Blog post

Hamilton, K., 2016. Global Warming To Expose More People To Zika-Spreading Mosquito Aedes Aegypti [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/global-warming-to-expose-more-people-to-zika-spreading-mosquito-aedes-aegypti/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1979. Information on the Labor Department’s Skill Training Improvement Program (No. HRD-79-19). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Martinez, W., 2010. “Straight Talk” on preventing HIV program—a grant thesis project (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K., 2009. Alsatian Sauerkraut, Anyone? New York Times NJ9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Finkelstein, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Finkelstein, 2009; Meehl and Tebaldi, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Meehl and Tebaldi, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Keung et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Biotechnology: X
ISSN (print)	2590-1559
Scope