How to format your references using the Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Benzi R. Physics. Getting a grip on turbulence. Science. 2003;301:605–6.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Karpicke JD, Blunt JR. Retrieval practice produces more learning than elaborative studying with concept mapping. Science. 2011;331:772–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Nygård J, Cobden DH, Lindelof PE. Kondo physics in carbon nanotubes. Nature. 2000;408:342–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Xu W, Liu Y, Wang S, McDonald T, Van Eyk JE, Sidor A, et al. Cytoprotective role of Ca2+- activated K+ channels in the cardiac inner mitochondrial membrane. Science. 2002;298:1029–33.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Tobias J, Hochhauser D. Cancer and its Management. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

1. Timm IJ, Guttmann C, editors. Multiagent System Technologies: 10th German Conference, MATES 2012, Trier, Germany, October 10-12, 2012. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kirsch CM, Sokolova A. The Logical Execution Time Paradigm. In: Chakraborty S, Eberspächer J, editors. Advances in Real-Time Systems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 103–20.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Bizarre Creature That Looks “Half-Crocodile-Half-Buffalo” Born In Thai Village [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/half-crocodile-half-buffalo-born-thai-village/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: State Department Needs To Make Fundamental Improvements To Its Year 2000 Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998 Aug. Report No.: AIMD-98-162.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Parsons AT. Metal-catalyzed annulations of strained cycloalkanes [Doctoral dissertation]. [Chapel Hill, NC]: University of North Carolina; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Sisario B. Beyoncé, With 9 Grammy Nods, Will Face Off Against Adele. New York Times. 2016 Dec 6;C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Abbreviation	J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson.
ISSN (online)	1532-429X
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Family Practice Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Radiological and Ultrasound Technology