How to format your references using the Journal of Chiropractic Humanities citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Chiropractic Humanities. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Goodman MB. Eppendorf essay winner. Deconstructing C. elegans sensory mechanotransduction. Science. 2004;306(5695):427-428.

A journal article with 2 authors

Maechler P, Wollheim CB. Mitochondrial function in normal and diabetic beta-cells. Nature. 2001;414(6865):807-812.

A journal article with 3 authors

Curry R, Dickson B, Yashayaev I. A change in the freshwater balance of the Atlantic Ocean over the past four decades. Nature. 2003;426(6968):826-829.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Matzke-Karasz R, Smith RJ, Symonova R, Miller CG, Tafforeau P. Sexual intercourse involving giant sperm in Cretaceous ostracode. Science. 2009;324(5934):1535.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sigee DC. Freshwater Microbiology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

Perner P, ed. Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition: 9th International Conference, MLDM 2013, New York, NY, USA, July 19-25, 2013. Proceedings. Vol 7988. Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Carpenter JE, Bloem S, Marec F. Inherited Sterility in Insects. In: Dyck VA, Hendrichs J, Robinson AS, eds. Sterile Insect Technique: Principles and Practice in Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management. Springer Netherlands; 2005:115-146.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Chiropractic Humanities.

Blog post

Andrew E. New cancer-hunting ‘nano-robots’ to seek and destroy tumours. IFLScience. September 2, 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Computer-Based Patient Records: Subcommittee Questions Concerning VA and DOD Efforts to Achieve a Two-Way Exchange of Health Data. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Frederiksen MD. Engaging Physicians to Support Corporate Compliance Programs: A Grounded Theory Study. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kleiman K. What to Do With an Empty Storefront? A Makeshift Art Gallery. New York Times. March 12, 2010:A21B.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Chiropractic Humanities
Abbreviation	J. Chiropr. Humanit.
ISSN (print)	1556-3499
Scope	Complementary and alternative medicine Chiropractics