How to format your references using the Journal of Communications and Networks citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Communications and Networks. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

A. Lightman, “A tale of two loves,” Nature, vol. 434, no. 7031, pp. 299–300, Mar. 2005.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

A. Vojvodic and J. K. Nørskov, “Chemistry. Optimizing perovskites for the water-splitting reaction,” Science, vol. 334, no. 6061, pp. 1355–1356, Dec. 2011.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M. Weidinger, P. Møller, and J. P. U. Fynbo, “The Lyman-alpha glow of gas falling into the dark matter halo of a z = 3 galaxy,” Nature, vol. 430, no. 7003, pp. 999–1001, Aug. 2004.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

K. R. Foster, G. Shaulsky, J. E. Strassmann, D. C. Queller, and C. R. L. Thompson, “Pleiotropy as a mechanism to stabilize cooperation,” Nature, vol. 431, no. 7009, pp. 693–696, Oct. 2004.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

R. N. Jazar, Advanced Dynamics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011.

An edited book

[1]

J.-M. Colom and J. Desel, Eds., Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Concurrency: 34th International Conference, PETRI NETS 2013, Milan, Italy, June 24-28, 2013. Proceedings, vol. 7927. in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 7927. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

X. Jin and S.-H. G. Chan, “Unstructured Peer-to-Peer Network Architectures,” in Handbook of Peer-to-Peer Networking, X. Shen, H. Yu, J. Buford, and M. Akon, Eds., Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010, pp. 117–142.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Communications and Networks.

Blog post

[1]

D. Andrew, “Is Talking To Yourself A Sign Of Mental Illness? An Expert Delivers Her Verdict,” IFLScience. Accessed: Oct. 30, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/is-talking-to-yourself-a-sign-of-mental-illness-an-expert-delivers-her-verdict/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, “Railroad Financing: Stakeholders’ Views on Recent Changes to the Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing Program,” U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, GAO-16-714R, Jul. 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

T. M. Morgan, “Do You See What I See? How Symbol Integration Facilitates Responsibility to Self and Culture,” Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute, Carpinteria, CA, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Pilon, “For Equestrian Event, Course Bursts From an Imagination,” New York Times, p. D8, Jul. 30, 2012.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1], [2].
This sentence cites four references [1], [2], [3], [4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Communications and Networks
Abbreviation	J. Commun. Netw.
ISSN (print)	1229-2370
Scope	Computer Networks and Communications Information Systems