How to format your references using the The Journal of Modern History citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for The Journal of Modern History (JMH). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Buat, Veronique. “Astrophysics: Dust-Poor Galaxies at Early Times.” Nature 522, no. 7557 (June 25, 2015): 422–23.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vigevani, Luisa, and Juan Valcárcel. “Molecular Biology. A Splicing Magic Bullet.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 345, no. 6197 (August 8, 2014): 624–25.

A journal article with 3 authors

Driscoll, Robert, Amanda Hudson, and Stephen P. Jackson. “Yeast Rtt109 Promotes Genome Stability by Acetylating Histone H3 on Lysine 56.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 315, no. 5812 (February 2, 2007): 649–52.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Inatani, Masaru, Fumitoshi Irie, Andrew S. Plump, Marc Tessier-Lavigne, and Yu Yamaguchi. “Mammalian Brain Morphogenesis and Midline Axon Guidance Require Heparan Sulfate.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 302, no. 5647 (November 7, 2003): 1044–46.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fryirs, Kirstie A., and Gary J. Brierley. Geomorphic Analysis of River Systems. Chichester, UK, 2012.

An edited book

Tymieniecka, Anna-Teresa, ed. Timing and Temporality in Islamic Philosophy and Phenomenology of Life. Vol. 3. Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology in Dialogue. Dordrecht, 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Chambel, Maria Regina, Jose Climent, Christian Pichot, and Fulvio Ducci. “Mediterranean Pines (Pinus Halepensis Mill. and Brutia Ten.).” In Forest Tree Breeding in Europe: Current State-of-the-Art and Perspectives, edited by Luc E. Pâques, 229–65. Managing Forest Ecosystems. Dordrecht, 2013.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for The Journal of Modern History.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. “Giant ‘Pac-Man’ Spacecraft Could Devour Space Litter.” IFLScience. July 8, 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. “Fusion Energy: Actions Needed to Finalize Cost and Schedule Estimates for U.S. Contributions to an International Experimental Reactor.” Washington, DC, June 5, 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rhoads, Elsa P. “Knowledge Management Practices in U.S. Federal Agencies: The Catalyst for E-Government Transformation.” Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, 2006.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy, Mary J. O. “Weekend Entertainments From the Archives of The New York Times.” New York Times, May 8, 2015.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	The Journal of Modern History
Abbreviation	J. Mod. Hist.
ISSN (print)	0022-2801
ISSN (online)	1537-5358
Scope	History