How to format your references using the Journal of Constructional Steel Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Constructional Steel Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

P.-Y. Shi, Structural biology. Unraveling a flavivirus enigma, Science 343 (2014) 849–850.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J. Kurtz, K. Franz, Innate defence: evidence for memory in invertebrate immunity, Nature 425 (2003) 37–38.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

K. Müller, C. Faeh, F. Diederich, Fluorine in pharmaceuticals: looking beyond intuition, Science 317 (2007) 1881–1886.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

I. Bischofberger, D.C.E. Calzolari, P. De Los Rios, I. Jelezarov, V. Trappe, Hydrophobic hydration of poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide: a matter of the mean energetic state of water, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 4377.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

J.R. Turner, T.A. Durham, Integrated Cardiac Safety: Assessment Methodologies for Noncardiac Drugs in Discovery, Development, and Postmarketing Surveillance, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2008.

An edited book

[1]

L. Batten, G. Li, eds., Applications and Techniques in Information Security: 6th International Conference, ATIS 2016, Cairns, QLD, Australia, October 26-28, 2016, Proceedings, Springer, Singapore, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

H. Hofer, Holomorphic Curves and Real Three-Dimensional Dynamics, in: N. Alon, J. Bourgain, A. Connes, M. Gromov, V. Milman (Eds.), Visions in Mathematics: GAFA 2000 Special Volume, Part II, Birkhäuser, Basel, 2010: pp. 674–704.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Constructional Steel Research.

Blog post

[1]

T. Hale, Thousands Of Dead Lobsters Are Washing Up On Beaches In California, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/thousands-small-lobsters-are-taking-over-beaches-california/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, The Proper Use of Consultants, Experts, and Contractors, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

H. Prasad, Removing a Thorn with a Thorn: Evaluating India’s Use of Militias in Counterinsurgency, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

C. Kelly, This Affordable Housing Would Stay Affordable, New York Times (2007) WE9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Constructional Steel Research
Abbreviation	J. Constr. Steel Res.
ISSN (print)	0143-974X
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Mechanics of Materials Building and Construction Metals and Alloys