How to format your references using the Journal of Demographic Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Demographic Economics (JODE). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rochelle, G. T. (2009) Amine scrubbing for CO2 capture Science (New York, N.Y.) 325(5948), 1652–1654.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zahn, M. and H. von Storch (2010) Decreased frequency of North Atlantic polar lows associated with future climate warming Nature 467(7313), 309–312.

A journal article with 3 authors

Vendrasco, M. J., T. E. Wood, and B. N. Runnegar (2004) Articulated Palaeozoic fossil with 17 plates greatly expands disparity of early chitons Nature 429(6989), 288–291.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Li, Z., E. Kesselman, Y. Talmon, M. A. Hillmyer, and T. P. Lodge (2004) Multicompartment micelles from ABC miktoarm stars in water Science (New York, N.Y.) 306(5693), 98–101.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lu, M. (2005) Arithmetic and Logic in Computer Systems. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Hiramatsu, M. (2010) Carbon Nanowalls: Synthesis and Emerging Applications (M. Hori, Ed.). Vienna: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Shen, G. and Z. Xie (2013) Wi-Fi RSS Based Indoor Positioning Using a Probabilistic Reduced Estimator In Tetsuya Yoshida, Gang Kou, Andrzej Skowron, Jiannong Cao, Hakim Hacid, and Ning Zhong (eds.), Active Media Technology: 9th International Conference, AMT 2013, Maebashi, Japan, October 29-31, 2013, Proceedings, pp. 46–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Demographic Economics.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, January 20) Dawn Space Probe Sends New Images of Dwarf Planet Ceres. Retrieved October 30, 2018, from https://www.iflscience.com/space/dawn-space-probe-sends-new-images-dwarf-planet-ceres/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2014) Commercial Aviation: Status of Air Service to Small Communities and the Federal Programs Involved. GAO-14-454T. U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Khalili, A. (2017) Spectrally Formulated User-Defined Element in Abaqus for Wave Motion Analysis and Health Monitoring of Composite Structures. Doctoral dissertation. Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shear, M. D. and C. Davenport (2017, May 26) World Leaders Increase Pressure on Trump to Stay in the Paris Climate Deal New York Times, p. A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Demographic Economics
ISSN (print)	2054-0892
ISSN (online)	2054-0906
Scope