How to format your references using the Journal of Development Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Development Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Eisenstein, M. (2014). Molecular biology: Remove, reuse, recycle. Nature, 514(7522), S2-4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Watson, E. B., & Harrison, T. M. (2005). Zircon thermometer reveals minimum melting conditions on earliest Earth. Science (New York, N.Y.), 308(5723), 841–844.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cincotta, R. P., Wisnewski, J., & Engelman, R. (2000). Human population in the biodiversity hotspots. Nature, 404(6781), 990–992.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Lin, J. H., Li, H., Yasumura, D., Cohen, H. R., Zhang, C., Panning, B., Shokat, K. M., Lavail, M. M., & Walter, P. (2007). IRE1 signaling affects cell fate during the unfolded protein response. Science (New York, N.Y.), 318(5852), 944–949.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Yakir, B. (2013). Extremes in Random Fields: A Theory and its Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Greco, S., Bouchon-Meunier, B., Coletti, G., Fedrizzi, M., Matarazzo, B., & Yager, R. R. (Eds.). (2012). Advances in Computational Intelligence: 14th International Conference on Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, IPMU 2012, Catania, Italy, July 9-13, 2012, Proceedings, Part IV (Vol. 300). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Fontani, M., Orna, M. V., & Costa, M. (2016). Chemists in the Royal University of Florence Era (1924–46). In M. V. Orna & M. Costa (Eds.), Chemistry and Chemists in Florence: From the Last of the Medici Family to the European Magnetic Resonance Center (pp. 85–100). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Development Studies.

Blog post

Andrews, R. (2016, May 25). ExxonMobil Shareholders Demand Action On Climate Change. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/sizeable-coalition-exxonmobil-shareholders-demand-action-climate-change/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2008). Transportation Security: TSA Has Developed a Risk-Based Covert Testing Program, but Could Better Mitigate Aviation Security Vulnerabilities Identified Through Covert Tests (GAO-08-958). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Baggio, B. G. (2008). Integrating social software into blended -learning courses: A Delphi study of instructional -design processes [Doctoral dissertation]. Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L. (2008, January 15). Case on Police Searches Pits State Laws Against Federal. New York Times, A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Eisenstein, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Eisenstein, 2014; Watson & Harrison, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Watson & Harrison, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Lin et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Development Studies
Abbreviation	J. Dev. Stud.
ISSN (print)	0022-0388
ISSN (online)	1743-9140
Scope	Development