How to format your references using the Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

J.N. Bregman, Cosmology. The cosmic web of baryons, Science 298 (2002) 72–73.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

L.S. Churchman, J.S. Weissman, Nascent transcript sequencing visualizes transcription at nucleotide resolution, Nature 469 (2011) 368–373.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

L.E. White, D.M. Coppola, D. Fitzpatrick, The contribution of sensory experience to the maturation of orientation selectivity in ferret visual cortex, Nature 411 (2001) 1049–1052.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

G. Suárez, C. Santschi, V.I. Slaveykova, O.J.F. Martin, Sensing the dynamics of oxidative stress using enhanced absorption in protein-loaded random media, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 3447.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

S.A. Morris, Food and Package Engineering, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 2011.

An edited book

[1]

P. Bjørn, Sociomaterial-Design: Bounding Technologies in Practice, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A. Kuhn, H. Hirschmüller, H. Mayer, Multi-Resolution Range Data Fusion for Multi-View Stereo Reconstruction, in: J. Weickert, M. Hein, B. Schiele (Eds.), Pattern Recognition: 35th German Conference, GCPR 2013, Saarbrücken, Germany, September 3-6, 2013. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013: pp. 41–50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging.

Blog post

[1]

J. O`Callaghan, Water Found On One Of The First Exoplanets We Ever Discovered, IFLScience (2017). https://www.iflscience.com/space/water-found-on-one-of-the-first-exoplanets-we-ever-discovered/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Government Performance and Results Act: Information on FAA’s Science Activities in DOT’s Performance Report for Fiscal Year 1999, Performance Plan for FY 2001, and July 2000 Draft Strategic Plan, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2000.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

B.M. Brooks, Applying Andragogical Principles to Real-Time Embedded Parental Coaching When Helping Their Children with Hearing Loss to Talk, Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

L. Marx, Still Dictating Orders, This Time at the Altar, New York Times (2012) ST19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Forensic Radiology and Imaging
Abbreviation	J. Forens. Radiol. Imaging
ISSN (print)	2212-4780
Scope