How to format your references using the Journal of Lithic Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Lithic Studies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Padma, T.V. 2010, Developing solutions, Nature, 466(7304): S16-7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Davis, S.J. & Shearer, C. 2014, Climate change: A crack in the natural-gas bridge, Nature, 514(7523): 436–437.

A journal article with 3 authors

Murphy, G.E., Leadbetter, J.R. & Jensen, G.J. 2006, In situ structure of the complete Treponema primitia flagellar motor, Nature, 442(7106): 1062–1064.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ricci, K.A., Girosi, F., Tarr, P.I., Lim, Y.-W., Mason, C., Miller, M., Hughes, J., von Seidlein, L., Agosti, J.M. & Guerrant, R.L. 2006, Reducing stunting among children: the potential contribution of diagnostics, Nature, 444 Suppl 1: 29–38.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Li, H.-X. & Lu, X. 2014, System Design and Control Integration for Advanced Manufacturing, Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Díaz‐Cruz, M.S. & Barceló, D. (Eds.) 2015, Personal Care Products in the Aquatic Environment, 1st ed. 2015., Cham, Springer International Publishing., XIV, 413 p. 121 illus., 9 illus. in color p.

A chapter in an edited book

Hwang, L.C., Hohlbein, J., Holden, S.J. & Kapanidis, A.N. 2009, Single-Molecule FRET: Methods and Biological Applications, In: Handbook of Single-Molecule Biophysics (P. Hinterdorfer & A. Oijen, Eds.), New York, NY, Springer US: p. 129–163.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Lithic Studies.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015, Scientists Develop Pill That Could Let Celiacs Eat Gluten, IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1998, Space Station: U.S. Life-Cycle Funding Requirements, Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hollenbeck, J.L. 2017, The Challenge of U.S. West Coast Earthquake Response: Federal Urban Search and Rescue, Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA, California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Reinhart, M.K. 2011, Kathy Mabry and Tom Prost, New York Times, ST18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Padma 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Padma 2010; Davis & Shearer 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Davis & Shearer 2014)
Three or more authors: (Ricci et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Lithic Studies
ISSN (print)	2055-0472
Scope