How to format your references using the Journal of Minimal Access Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Minimal Access Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

East R. Microbiome: Soil science comes to life. Nature. 2013 Sep 26;501(7468):S18-9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tinel A, Tschopp J. The PIDDosome, a protein complex implicated in activation of caspase-2 in response to genotoxic stress. Science. 2004 May 7;304(5672):843–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chang HC, Paek J, Kim DH. Natural polymorphisms in C. elegans HECW-1 E3 ligase affect pathogen avoidance behaviour. Nature. 2011 Nov 16;480(7378):525–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Im KS, Cheong SK, Powell CF, Lai MCD, Wang J. Unraveling the geometry dependence of in-nozzle cavitation in high-pressure injectors. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2067.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Montgomery GE, Schuch HC. GIS Data Conversion Handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2007.

An edited book

Pérez Cañado ML, editor. Competency-based Language Teaching in Higher Education. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013. XIV, 194 p. 22 illus. (Educational Linguistics; vol. 14).

A chapter in an edited book

Stelzer V, Quintero A. Climate Change Impacts on the Energy Sector and Adaptation Options. In: Krellenberg K, Hansjürgens B, editors. Climate Adaptation Santiago. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. p. 81–105.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Minimal Access Surgery.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015. Infrared Camera Shows The Black Leopard of Malaysia Actually Has Spots.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act: Information on Planned Changes to State Performance Reporting and Related Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016 Mar. Report No.: GAO-16-287.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cook EJ. Older Americans Act of 1965, Title III: A policy analysis [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Williams J. Outside The Bars. New York Times. 2016 Aug 21;BR4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Minimal Access Surgery
Abbreviation	J. Minim. Access Surg.
ISSN (print)	0972-9941
ISSN (online)	1998-3921
Scope	Surgery