How to format your references using the Neuropsychopharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Neuropsychopharmacology (NPP). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Madariaga R. Geophysics. Slippery when hot. Science. 2007;316:842–843.

A journal article with 2 authors

Long M, Thornton K. Gene duplication and evolution. Science. 2001;293:1551.

A journal article with 3 authors

Marteau TM, Hollands GJ, Fletcher PC. Changing human behavior to prevent disease: the importance of targeting automatic processes. Science. 2012;337:1492–1495.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Sukhishvili SA, Chen Y, Muller JD, Gratton E, Schweizer KS, Granick S. Materials science. Diffusion of a polymer ‘pancake’. Nature. 2000;406:146.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zwecher MJ. Retirement Portfolios Workbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Haslam DW, Sharma AM, le Roux CW, editors. Controversies in Obesity. London: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Chen P-C, Kim Y-C. The Determinants of Strategy Formulation and Change in Foreign Subsidiaries and Their Functional Units. In: Kim Y-C, editor. US Firms’ Business Competence in the Taiwanese IT Industry, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 135–181.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Neuropsychopharmacology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Lunar Crater Study Demonstrates Crowdsourcing is Effective. IFLScience. 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/space/lunar-crater-study-demonstrates-crowdsourcing-effective/. Accessed 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Supercomputing in Industry. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Goldgof GM. Drug Target Discovery Using Designer Drug Sensitive Yeast. Doctoral dissertation. University of California San Diego, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines GG. Eye-Popping Storytelling (Nostalgic To Naughty). New York Times. 2013:C33.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Neuropsychopharmacology
Abbreviation	Neuropsychopharmacology
ISSN (print)	0893-133X
ISSN (online)	1470-634X
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Pharmacology