How to format your references using the Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

White, J. W. C. (2004). Paleoclimate. Do I hear a million? Science (New York, N.Y.), 304(5677), 1609–1610.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sininger, Y. S., & Cone-Wesson, B. (2004). Asymmetric cochlear processing mimics hemispheric specialization. Science (New York, N.Y.), 305(5690), 1581.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bunge, J., Epstein, S. S., & Peterson, D. G. (2006). Comment on “Computational improvements reveal great bacterial diversity and high metal toxicity in soil.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 313(5789), 918; author reply 918.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Gao, X., Zhang, H., Zhuang, W., Yuan, G., Sun, T., Jiang, X., Zhou, Z., Yuan, H., Zhang, Z., & Dong, H. (2014). PEDF and PEDF-derived peptide 44mer protect cardiomyocytes against hypoxia-induced apoptosis and necroptosis via anti-oxidative effect. Scientific Reports, 4, 5637.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

The Chartered Institute of Building. (2008). Code of Practice for Project Management for Construction and Development. Blackwell Publishing.

An edited book

Bramer, M., Petridis, M., & Coenen, F. (Eds.). (2009). Research and Development in Intelligent Systems XXV: Proceedings of AI-2008, the Twenty-eighth SGAI International Conference on Innovative Techniques and Applications of Artificial Intelligence. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Liu, D. (2013). Archimedes in China: Archimedes and His Works in Chinese Literature of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In E. Knobloch, H. Komatsu, & D. Liu (Eds.), Seki, Founder of Modern Mathematics in Japan: A Commemoration on His Tercentenary (pp. 49–62). Springer Japan.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, February 3). Scientists Discover Microbes That Have Remained Essentially Unchanged For 2 Billion Years. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/scientists-discover-microbes-have-remained-essentially-unchanged-2-billion-years/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2014). Federal Vehicle Fleets: GSA Has Opportunities to Further Encourage Cost Savings for Leased Vehicles (GAO-14-443). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gonzalez, S. N. (2010). Analysis of the impact of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act on California’s children: A report card on the CalWORKs program [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schwartz, J. (2016, October 11). A Climate Change Evangelist. New York Times, D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (White, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Sininger & Cone-Wesson, 2004; White, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sininger & Cone-Wesson, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Gao et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism
Abbreviation	J. Outdoor Recreat. Tour.
ISSN (print)	2213-0780
Scope	Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management