How to format your references using the Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Hill M. Perspective: Be clear about the real risks. Nature 2015;525:S14.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Joron M, Brakefield PM. Captivity masks inbreeding effects on male mating success in butterflies. Nature 2003;424:191–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Catalli K, Shim S-H, Prakapenka V. Thickness and Clapeyron slope of the post-perovskite boundary. Nature 2009;462:782–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Chang Y-C, Liu G-Q, Liu D-Q, Fan H, Pan X-Y. Room-temperature quantum cloning machine with full coherent phase control in nanodiamond. Sci Rep 2013;3:1498.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Donham KJ, Thelin A. Agricultural Medicine. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Mariani G, Giuliano AE, Strauss HW, editors. Radioguided Surgery: A Comprehensive Team Approach. New York, NY: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Prasad SV, Meher KK. Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Waste: A Focus on Microbial Community Structures. In: Karthikeyan OP, Heimann K, Muthu SS, editors. Recycling of Solid Waste for Biofuels and Bio-chemicals, Singapore: Springer; 2016, p. 127–63.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports.

Blog post

[1]

Andrews R. Early Warning Trigger Found For Most Unpredictable Kind Of Volcanic Eruption. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/early-warning-trigger-found-most-unpredictable-kind-volcanic-eruption/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. The National School Lunch Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Becker LA. Noncredit to credit transitions: The role of cultural capital and habitus for adult immigrant learners in the community college. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Fausset R, Shear MD, Nixon R, Robles F. Slow Pace of Aid Riles Puerto Rico. New York Times 2017:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports
Abbreviation	J. Pediatr. Surg. Case Rep.
ISSN (print)	2213-5766
Scope	Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health Surgery