How to format your references using the Journal of Rheumatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Rheumatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wang Q. China has the capacity to lead in carbon trading. Nature 2013;493:273.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ghazanfar AA, Logothetis NK. Neuroperception: facial expressions linked to monkey calls. Nature 2003;423:937-8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Uz BM, Yoder JA, Osychny V. Pumping of nutrients to ocean surface waters by the action of propagating planetary waves. Nature 2001;409:597-600.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Atwood JA 3rd, Weatherly DB, Minning TA, et al. The Trypanosoma cruzi proteome. Science 2005;309:473-6.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sillar KT, Picton LD, Heitler WJ. The Neuroethology of Predation and Escape. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

Allan DS, Strunk D, editors. Regenerative Therapy Using Blood-Derived Stem Cells. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2012, XII, 220 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Nag PK, Dutta P, Chorsiya V, Nag A. GIS Visualization of Climate Change and Prediction of Human Responses. In: Islam T, Srivastava PK, Gupta M, Zhu X, Mukherjee S, editors. Computational Intelligence Techniques in Earth and Environmental Sciences Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014:93-105.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Rheumatology.

Blog post

Carpineti C. Someone Has Created The World’s First Adult “Service” Droid And It’s Terrifying [Internet]. IFLScience IFLScience; 2017 [Internet. Accessed October 30, 2018]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/meet-the-worlds-first-adult-service-droid/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. The Summer Feeding Program: How to Feed the Children and Stop Program Abuses. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977 Apr. Report No.: CED-77-59.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fouts J. A mental health outreach program for adolescent gang members and at-risk youth: A grant writing project [Doctoral dissertation]. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard B, Kelly K. Saudi Arabia’s Plan to Move Past Oil: Big Goals and Hurdles. New York Times 2017;A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Rheumatology
Abbreviation	J. Rheumatol.
ISSN (print)	0315-162X
ISSN (online)	1499-2752
Scope	Immunology Immunology and Allergy Rheumatology