How to format your references using the Journal of Science Education and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Science Education and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Collins MO (2009) Cell biology. Evolving cell signals. Science 325:1635–1636

A journal article with 2 authors

Schirle NT, MacRae IJ (2012) The crystal structure of human Argonaute2. Science 336:1037–1040

A journal article with 3 authors

Hewitt SC, Deroo BJ, Korach KS (2005) Signal transduction. A new mediator for an old hormone? Science 307:1572–1573

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Hedges LM, Brownlie JC, O’Neill SL, Johnson KN (2008) Wolbachia and virus protection in insects. Science 322:702

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pahl J (2016) Interference Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Fitzgerald J, Hayes IJ, Tarlecki A (eds) (2005) FM 2005: Formal Methods: International Symposium of Formal Methods Europe, Newcastle, UK, July 18-22, 2005. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Balthazar EJ (2009) The Role of Computed Tomography. In: Balthazar EJ, Megibow AJ, Pozzi Mucelli R (eds) Imaging of the Pancreas: Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 49–77

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Science Education and Technology.

Blog post

Hale T (2017) Svalbard “Doomsday” Seed Vault To Get Revamp After Permafrost Melt Leak. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/svalbard-doomsday-seed-vault-to-get-revamp-after-permafrost-melt-leak/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) Aviation Research: Information on Funding, Staffing, and Timing of FAA’s Research Projects. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Oliver CN (2008) The relationship between length of kindergarten day and student literacy and math achievement. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M (2012) Trying to Win A Campaign With Money And Nice Hair. New York Times B13

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Collins 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Collins 2009; Schirle and MacRae 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schirle and MacRae 2012)
Three or more authors: (Hedges et al. 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Science Education and Technology
Abbreviation	J. Sci. Educ. Technol.
ISSN (print)	1059-0145
ISSN (online)	1573-1839
Scope	General Engineering Education