How to format your references using the Journal of Terramechanics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Terramechanics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Knight, J., 2001. Study says authors are averse to declaring conflicts of interest. Nature 411, 3–4.

A journal article with 2 authors

Seibel, B.A., Dierssen, H.M., 2009. Ocean science. Animal function at the heart (and gut) of oceanography. Science 323, 343–344.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dale, V.H., Crisafulli, C.M., Swanson, F.J., 2005. Ecology. 25 years of ecological change at Mount St. Helens. Science 308, 961–962.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Piro, N.A., Figueroa, J.S., McKellar, J.T., Cummins, C.C., 2006. Triple-bond reactivity of diphosphorus molecules. Science 313, 1276–1279.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Thompson, D., Hogan, J.D., Clark, P.M., 2012. Developmental Psychology in Historical Perspective. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Mishra, S.K., 2008. V-Invex Functions and Vector Optimization, Optimization and Its Applications. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Clampitt, D., 2011. Sensitive Interval Property for Scales as Words in the Free Group F2, in: Agon, C., Andreatta, M., Assayag, G., Amiot, E., Bresson, J., Mandereau, J. (Eds.), Mathematics and Computation in Music: Third International Conference, MCM 2011, Paris, France, June 15-17, 2011. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 56–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Terramechanics.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. 2011 Japan Tsunami Debris Is Washing Up Along The Coasts Of The United States [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/environment/debris-2011-japan-tsunami-washing-along-coasts-united-states-alaska-taking-out-trash/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1981. Comments on S. 881 and GAO Report on Small-Business Innovation Initiatives (No. 115776). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hofmann, R., 2010. The fascist reflection Japan and Italy, 1919-1950 (Doctoral dissertation). Columbia University, New York, NY.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Southard, S., 2015. Nagasaki, the Forgotten City. New York Times A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Knight, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Knight, 2001; Seibel and Dierssen, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Seibel and Dierssen, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Piro et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Terramechanics
Abbreviation	J. Terramech.
ISSN (print)	0022-4898
Scope	Mechanical Engineering