How to format your references using the Journal of the American Heart Association citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of the American Heart Association (JAHA). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P. The uncertainty principle. Nature. 2004;431:487.

A journal article with 2 authors

Poulet JFA, Hedwig B. The cellular basis of a corollary discharge. Science. 2006;311:518–522.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jarillo-Herrero P, van Dam JA, Kouwenhoven LP. Quantum supercurrent transistors in carbon nanotubes. Nature. 2006;439:953–956.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lee J-B, Hite RK, Hamdan SM, Xie XS, Richardson CC, van Oijen AM. DNA primase acts as a molecular brake in DNA replication. Nature. 2006;439:621–624.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Snopek L. The Complete Guide to Portfolio Construction and Management. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2012.

An edited book

Gassmann O. Exploring the Field of Business Model Innovation: New Theoretical Perspectives. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016: 1-XVII, 118 p. 9 illus.

A chapter in an edited book

Takama Y, Muto Y. Mining User Preference Model from Utterances. In: Abraham A, Hassanien A-E, Leon F. de Carvalho AP de, Snášel V, eds. Foundations of Computational, IntelligenceVolume 6: Data Mining. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009: 97–123.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of the American Heart Association.

Blog post

Hale T. A Dodo Skeleton Is Going Up For Sale For The First Time In 100 Years. IFLScience. Available at https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/a-dodo-skeleton-is-going-up-for-sale-for-the-first-time-in-100-years/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Opportunities for Improving Computerized Civilian Payroll Processing Operations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1975.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Collette JC. Validation of the tgFgfr1-EGFP Mouse Line as a Tool to Study Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 Cellular Localization and Expression After Experimental Manipulations. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. SHADOWS OF DOUBT. New York Times.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of the American Heart Association
Abbreviation	J. Am. Heart Assoc.
ISSN (online)	2047-9980
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine